A. Bagheri; M. Valizadeh; A. Sharifi; K. Senthil
Abstract
In recent years, W. coagulans (Stocks) Dunal (Fam. Solanaceae) has gained much attention, owing to the presence of a large number of steroidal lactones known as withanolides. Out of the several withanolides isolated from W. coagulans, the biological compound, withaferine A is pharmacologically important ...
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In recent years, W. coagulans (Stocks) Dunal (Fam. Solanaceae) has gained much attention, owing to the presence of a large number of steroidal lactones known as withanolides. Out of the several withanolides isolated from W. coagulans, the biological compound, withaferine A is pharmacologically important that due to the significant and specific therapeutic action in cancer, Parkinson and Alzheimer’s disease. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to make an assessment of withaferin A content in the roots of different accessions of W. coagulans and in in vitro cultures. The seeds of five wild accssesion (USB001-5) were sown in greenhous. The cell suspension cultures were initialized from leaf explants derived callus on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, supplemented with 30 gL-1 sucrose (w/v), 2.0mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l kinetin (Kin). Adventitious roots were induced directly from leaf segments on half strength MS medium (0.8% agar) with 2 mgl-1 indole-3-butyricacid (IBA) and 30 gl-1 sucrose. The withaferin A content was evaluated by TLC and HPLC method using standard withaferin-A compound. The results showed the presence of withaferin A in all accessions (21.01-44.54 µg/g D.W). In addition, there was significant differences among accession (P<0.05). USB005 was found to have the highest withaferin A content (44.54µg/g D.W) and was selected for in vitro study. The results of in vitro study showed that withaferin A accumulation was higher in adventitious roots (21.40±1.67 in 4 weeks and 66.73±0.86 in 8 weeks old cultures) compared to cell suspension culture (6.62±2.01). Nearly, adventitious root having withaferin A content 10 and 1.5-fold higher when compared with the cell suspension and in vivo roots, respectively. Thus, our study demonstrates the in vitro root cultures potential for large-scale production of withaferin A.
M. Valizadeh; A. Bagheri; J. Valizadeh; M.H. Mirjalili; N. Moshtaghi
Abstract
Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal (fam. Solanaceae) is a multipurpose medicinal plant, mainly distributed in southeastern parts of Sistan and Baluchestan province. The important medicinal properties of W. coagulans are attributed to the presence of steroidal lactones called withanolides. Among withanoloids, ...
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Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal (fam. Solanaceae) is a multipurpose medicinal plant, mainly distributed in southeastern parts of Sistan and Baluchestan province. The important medicinal properties of W. coagulans are attributed to the presence of steroidal lactones called withanolides. Among withanoloids, withaferin A is an important phytoconstituent showing antitumor, antiangiogenesis and apoptosis induction properties. This study was aimed to investigate the variability of phytochemical composition of Withania coagulans roots. Twenty accessions of W. coagulans roots, collected from different natural habits of Sistan and Baluchestan province, were used in the present study. Thewithaferin A was assayed through thin layer chromatography (TLC) method andphytochemical estimation was carried out by standard methodologies to detect the presence of secondary metabolites, like total phenol, flavonoids and anthocyanin. Our findings revealed that withaferin A was found in all accessions collected from different natural habits. The photochemical investigation showed the presence of flavonoids (5.70-6.50%), anthocyanin (4.51-9.51µmol/g) and total phenol (14.91-23.7µgGAE/mgD.W), varying significantly among the habitats (p<0.05). In the present study, TLC analysis confirms the exsistance of withaferin A in all W. coagulans accessions as well as the potential of Sistan and Baluchestan natural habits to produce this valuable component. However, the root extracts of W. coagulans, growing in natural habitats of Iran, have higher phenolic content. Hence, it can be used as a source of natural components for the pharmaceutical and food industries.
M. Valizadeh; A. Bagheri; J. Valizadeh; M.H. Mirjalili; N. Moshtaghi
Abstract
Development and implementation of effective programs to conservation, reclamation and efficient utilization of valuable plant species seem to have a special importance. To achieve this goal, ecological characteristics of important plant species, forming natural vegetation, need to be detected and recognized. ...
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Development and implementation of effective programs to conservation, reclamation and efficient utilization of valuable plant species seem to have a special importance. To achieve this goal, ecological characteristics of important plant species, forming natural vegetation, need to be detected and recognized. Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal, belonging to the Solanaceae family, has received much attention in recent years due to the presence of a large number of steroidal lactones, known as withanolides. One of the most important withanolides is withaferin A, having anticancer properties. To study the autecology of W. coagulans, its habitats in Sistan and Baluchestan region were identified and habit characteristics including climate, soil physical and chemical properties, altitude, slope gradient, aspect and phenological stage were investigated in several locations. Results showed that this plant is exclusively distributed in limited areas of the province. The climate of the study area is arid based on Demarton aridity index. Average annual rainfall is 124.8 mm with a relative humidity of 32% and average temperature of 24.2 C°. This species is mainly (45%) distributed at an altitude of 1200 to 1400 meters above sea level, in slopes, valleys, road edges and mainly in waterways and the bed of seasonal rivers and in all aspects particularly the South and a slope from zero to 74%. The soil texture of the study habits is predominantly sandy loam with a pH of 7.5-7.8, an EC of 0.5-5.2 ds/m and 8.4-23.1% lime. W. coagulans is a drought resistant species growing in arid climate conditions with an average annual rainfall of 150 mm. In general, essential measures need to be taken towards the conservation and distribution of this rare and valuable species.
L. Razeghi; M. Azizi; S.M. Ziaratnia; A.R. Bagheri; S.H. Nemati
Abstract
K. odoratissima Mozaff., belonging to the Apiaceae family, is a known medicinal and forage species, endemic to Iran. It has not been reported in other regions of the world. Due to the excessive harvesting in the early period of growth and the relatively high time required for the establishment and seed ...
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K. odoratissima Mozaff., belonging to the Apiaceae family, is a known medicinal and forage species, endemic to Iran. It has not been reported in other regions of the world. Due to the excessive harvesting in the early period of growth and the relatively high time required for the establishment and seed production, this species does not have the opportunity to revitalize and seed production and for this reason, it is considered as one of the endangered species of Iran. Advances in tissue culture can be most effective in propagation of endangered plants as well as increasing the genetic potential of medicinal plants. To study the effect hormonal treatments on callus induction sterile seedling explants were prepared. Treatments included MS basal medium along with different hormonal levels (2,4-D (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/l) or a1, a2, a3 + Kin (0, 0.5 and 1 mg/l) or b1, b2, b3) and Ms basal medium with (NAA (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/l) or a4, a5, a6 + BA (0, 0.5 and 1 mg/l) or b4, b5, b6). After a month, growth (size), weight and callus induction percentage were measured and compared. Considering the above traits, the maximum size of callus (6.41mm) and the most callus induction percentage (93%) were obtained at 2,4-D (2mgl-1)+kin (0.5mgl-1) while the highest callus weight was obtained at NAA (1mgl-1) + BA (0.5mgl-1).Combined hormones (2mg/l 2,4-D + 0.5 mg/l kin) and (2mg/l NAA + 0.5mg/l BA) in two media, MS and B5, along with three antioxidants (PVP, PVPP and PVP + PVPP), totally 12 treatments, were evaluated within four consecutive weeks under broth condition and cell suspension establishment. According to the results, significant differences were found (p< 0.05) among the factors affecting cell dry weight while these factors had no significant effect on fresh weight. The highest fresh and dry weights were obtained at B5 medium with PVP (0.1) (1.6940 gr). Fresh and dry weight of cells showed an increasing trend during the consecutive weeks.
